Drug Addiction - 1081 Words

DRUG ADDICTION DRUG: A chemical substance that alters the function of one or more body organs or the process of a disease. Drugs include prescribed medicines over the counter remedies and various other substances such as alcohol, tobacco and drugs of abuse that are used for non-medical purposes. Drugs are substances other than food that affect the way your mind and body works (Al Robertson et al). DRUG ABUSE Drug abuse is definable mainly in terms of societal disapproval. It may involve experimental and recreational use of drugs, which is usually illegal with risk of arrest; unsanctioned use of psychoactive drugs to relieve problems or symptoms; or use of drugs first for the previous two reasons but later because of dependence and†¦show more content†¦TYPES OF DRUGS AND WHAT THEY DO There are three groups of drugs: a. Depressants: They slow the body down. They relax, tranquilize, relieve pain and induce sleep. One may say and do things that they would never do under normal circumstances. When these depressants bare abused they can slow do0wm body functions such as breathing to an extent that a person may pass out or even lapse into a coma. Examples are; -Opiates e.g. opium, morphine. -Sedatives and hypnotics e.g. barbiturates that are available through doctors prescriptions. -Tranquillizers -Alcohol b. Stimulants: They speed up the action of the brain. They make people feel more alert, more confident and less tired. Examples are: -Caffeine found in coffee tea cola and chocolate. -Amphetamines Ââ€" (speed or pep pills) used to treat disorders of the nervous system. They produce and increase energy and alertness. Cocaine- Has similar actions as Amphetamines but the effects are more intense. People develop strong psychological dependence on this drug. A cheaper version of cocaine is called crack. c. Hallucinogens: This group of drugs cause great changes in the way people perceive and feel. They sometimes called psychedelic or mid-altering drugs. They p[produceShow MoreRelatedDrug Addiction : Drugs And Heroin Addiction1130 Words   |  5 PagesThe arguments for whether or not to prescribe heroin to treat heroin addictions are controversial. Henden and Baeroe (2015) state both sides of the arguments being that some believe â€Å"it is in the nature of heroin addiction for individuals to lose their ability to resist their desire for heroin,† which knowing the nature of chemical dependency, heroin addicts would not refuse any heroin, so it still possibly an invalid consent to research participation as they did not have a free choice to reallyRead MoreDrug Addiction : Drugs And Drugs Essay744 Words   |  3 PagesWhen people first hear the word drug, they think of illicit drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine. They also think about the user and sometimes why they use. One thing that is overlooked by the public is the treatment programs that are available to drug users. 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Tuban, Julie An Pelisco, Marvelous Salcedo, Yvette Laganzo, Ma. Riellyn Mae Austria, Gerald Mateo, Alyssa INTRODUCTION: Drug Addiction is a chronic disease affecting the brain, and just about everyone is different. It was also a condition that characterized by compulsive drug intake, craving and seeking despite what majority of societyRead MoreAddiction : Drugs And Addiction947 Words   |  4 Pages Addiction is a problem that’s very prevalent in our society. Considering that drugs and alcohol are being introduced to kids in middle school, this isn’t that surprising. We as a society constantly bombarded with talks about the â€Å"war on drugs† and addiction. There are constant conversations about what should and shouldn’t be legal and what addiction really means. Is addiction in the head, or is it something a person chooses? Should we help or punish people with addictions. 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I will also discuss the effect of drugs on individuals, families and society. Read MoreDrug Dependence And Addiction : Drugs1231 Words   |  5 Pagesobvious assumption that drugs have an effect on the mind, but what exactly goes on and how do these substances affect your brain and change your state of consciousness? This is the question that interested me and brought me to want to write about this certain topic. Drugs alter the way people think, feel, and behave by disrupting neurotransmission, the process of communication between brain cells. Over the past few decades, studies have established that drug dependence and addiction are features of anRead MoreThe Drug Of Drug Addiction Essay1270 Words   |  6 Pagesmy older brother struggle with drug addiction has taught me more in my life than anything else. He was a smart kid with a good head on his shoulders.   As he grew older he made some unwise choices with regard to substance abuse that quickly turned into a full blown addiction lasting over five years and landed him in and out of four different rehabs.   He was striving to get clean, but every time he took one step forward he fell three steps back.   Taylor entered Drug Court, after finding himself inRead MoreDrug Addiction : Drugs And Drugs1017 Words   |  5 Pages In today’s society, it is now normal to know somebody who has a drug addiction especially to opiates. A dr ug addiction is a mental disorder that the person can no longer control their actions. The person addicted to the drug will no longer care about the outcome of their actions as long as they can get that high they are seeking. **from textbook pg. 303** â€Å"Opioids are classified as narcotics- strongly addictive drugs that have pain relieving and sleep-inducing properties. Opioids include both naturally

Department of Care and Professional Studies Edexcel Level...

Department of Care and Professional Studies Edexcel Level 3 for Children and Young People’s Workforce Unit 13 Promoting Children’s Learning and Development in the Early Years Assignment Task 1 Direct Observation and Professional discussion Assessment Criteria (Unit 13) 1.3 explain how the documented outcomes are assessed and recorded 2.2 engage effectively with children to encourage the child’s participation and involvement in planning their own learning and development activities. 3.2 prepare, set out and support activities and experiences that encourages learning and development in each area of the relevant early years framework 4.1 work alongside children, engaging with them in order to support their learning and†¦show more content†¦You should provide guidance which explains the following : a) The purpose and legal status of the early years frameworks and how it relates to achievement of the Every Child Matters Outcomes (Unit 12 – criteria 1.1) (Unit 13 – criteria 1.2) b) Provide explanations of each area of learning and development identifying their interdependency. Internally verified _______________________________ Date ______________ Task 3 Promoting Children’s Learning and Development This task links to your practical placement. The play and learning activities that you carry out while in each of your placements will be used to meet the assessment criteria for this task Assessment criteria (Unit 13) 2.1 use different sources to plan work for individual child or group of children 2.2 support the planning cycle for children’s learning and development 3.1 explain how practitioners promote children’s learning within the relevant early years framework. 4.2 explain the importance of engaging with a child to support sustained shared thinking 5.1 reflect on your own practice in supporting learning and development of children in their early years. 5.2 demonstrate how to use reflection to make changes in own practice In each of your three placements, following consultation with your supervisor, you will plan, provide and evaluate five learning activities/experiences that

Strategic Development within an Organization LNG

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Development within an Organization for LNG. Answer: Introduction: The term strategy can be described as the written document where the firm or company lays down a detailed structure, which they are going to follow in the year ahead in order to conduct their business in a well-organized way. The ways in which a firm or a company sets goals, determine the actions required to reach the goal, mobilizes the resources and thereby execute all the actions in to work in order to reach the targeted goals is known as the development strategy (Wheelen Hunger, 2011). This report tries to focus on the strategic development of the organization named Woodside Petroleum. It is a petroleum producing company located at Perth in Australia. Woodside ranks at top amongst all other Australian oil and gas producing companies. In addition, this company is the leading producer of liquefied natural gas in the world (Stevenson, n.d.). Through this report, the strategic development of this company has been tried to analyze. Initially a brief description about the company has been provided followed by highlighting the problems associated with the company (Ker, 2013). The next part tries to analyze the topic by using tools like SWOT, Environmental and PESTEL. The report ends with a concluding note on the findings of all these sections. Background of the Study: Energy consumption is a vital issue in todays world. Every nation tries to find a way through which they can reduce the consumption of energy within the economy so that the future generation does not face any crisis. Petroleum being a liquefied non-renewable resource is the most important source energy, which is being exploited overtime (Tissot Welte, 2012). Hence, the mission and the strategies of the leading Australian company have been discussed here. The company has been trading in LNG for the last 25 years. Mission Vision: The Woodside Petroleum has been in the industry for more than 60 years. It has been catering Australia and the global market with its efficient service (James et al., 2008). The company focuses on ensuring sustainability in their operation with special focus on the aspects of society, economy, environment, people and their safety. The company has the vision to excel in the field of non-renewable energy by maintaining strict discipline in their field of work (Sholarin Awange, 2015). The company targeted their goals and stayed focused in the achieving this goal. The company tries to maintain a healthy balance amongst its worker by creating a sense of respect and discipline within them. Along with the above-mentioned factors, the company has the vision to deliver a bulk return to its shareholders. They also have the motto of becoming the leader in oil and gas manufacturing companies in the global market. Past Strategies of Woodside Petroleum: The company during its early days operated only in the Gippsland Basin in the Victoria region of Australia. During those days, they were engaged only in extracting oil, refining them and selling it to the market. Along with these work they were trying hard to expand their business throughout the nation and in the global market (James et al., 2008). Their vision and mission both were constricted during those days to the limit of establishing and expanding the business. Current Strategies of Woodside Petroleum: Innovation and productive efficiency are the two terms that can help any industry to sustain in the market. Australia has 16 big oil and gas producing companies who caters almost 30% of the countrys total demand for energy. Woodside petroleum survived and excelled in this competition due to the unique strategies that they have taken up in their course of business conduct (SHAHROM, 2012). They have concentrated on the companys value-chain system, focused on improving the value of their assets and applied contemporary technologies in their course of operation. Problems Faced by Woodside: There has been a global turmoil in the oil industry during the recent years. This has affected the entire market by creating a distortion in the macro-economic factors within the country. There has been an oil price shock in the economy in recent past, which induced in the rise in the overall price level of the economy (Fickling, 2016). Under this circumstance, the biggest company in Australia selling oil and gas faced an economic downturn. It has faces several criticism because of this incident. Two of the major criticism that the company faced concerning the implementation of their marketing strategies are given below: Strategies that Faced Criticism: During the year 2006-07, the company faced a major restriction in establishing a new onshore plant as an extension of its already existing project named Pluto LNG (Robins, 2014). The company did a major mistake while targeting the region of Burrup Peninsula to set up their project. They paid more importance to their business but forgot the fact that the region has significant historical importance as an archaeological site. It has more petroglyphs, which dates back to more than 30,000 years. The renowned company catering to the global economy also faced the criticism of practicing the method of wage discrimination among its workers. According to an investigation held on 2011 it has been found that the company has been involved in paying less wages to its foreign workers(Spasic, 2015). This incident hurt the sentiment of the workers thereby causing a glitch amongst them. In addition, the company did not upgrade its wiring system and used equipments that were inadequately designed. This led to the failure of the companys oil mist detector at its Vincent plant (Macdonald-Smith, 2015). Detailed Analysis: The strategies of development that this famous petroleum and gas company took up in its course of operation took up can be analyzed properly with the help of several tools of marketing (Stevenson, 2014). In this report, the PESTEL analysis has been done to deduce the threats and opportunity of the company. These threats and opportunities have been properly studied using the SWOT analysis. PESTEL Analysis: This tool of analysis helps people to understand the different aspects of any organization, which can be used to build up a proper business strategy. PESTEL stands for political, economical, social, technological, ecological and legal factors. Political factors The company faced problems with its labor. The government intervened in this matter to sort out the issues. Along with this there has maintain a good relation with the government of Australia (Mearns Yule, 2009). Economical factors Being the leading producer of LNG, the company has performed well in its operation. Data collected over the past 5 years suggests that the company has seen growth in its business. Social factors The company gives great importance to the society in which they deal with. It lends its helping hand to people of the different communities dwelling in the area of its operation. It also spreads social messages and tries to generate awareness. Technological factors The company has been using the latest possible technology to maintain its production and keep the cost low. Upgrading the existing technology to match the global scenario is the new challenge faced by technological factors. Ecological factors Carbon emission is a great problem of any organization within the economy. According to the news channels, it has been stated that the Woodside company faced problems after they had breach the laws related to excess carbon emission (Sverud Skjrseth, 2007). Legal factors The company faced few minor and major legal allegations in the past few years. It faced the allegation brought against the company for biasness and practice of wage discrimination. The company has also faced legal notification relating to the environmental issues and misconduct of its operation. SWOT Analysis: The SWOT analysis consists of four parts namely the strength, weakness, opportunity and threat of a firm. The strength highlights the capability of the firm to reap the benefits of opportunities in future. The weakness on other hand can be studied to understand the impact of potential threats that the company may face. These four points have been discussed below in the tabular form. Strength Woodside is among the leading companies of Australia engaged in the oil and gas industry. The company had decades of experience in this industry. The most upgraded technologies are used in this company. It provides the best possible facilities to its customers, clients and the community. The financial position of this company is very strong with almost all the index showing an upward trend in the past 5 years. This is highlighted by the fact that the company is enlisted in the Australian Securities Exchange (Matos Hall, 2007). The superior quality of oil asset and extensive portfolio is one of the main strength. The company deals with liquefied natural gas, which is the most demanding sources of energy in todays world. A large customer base helps the company in its way to success. A large number workforce of more than 3000 people also acts as the companys strength. Weakness It has been seen in this report that the company faced criticism in their operation. This can be cited as one of their weakness. There has been a glitch amongst its employees. Relationship in between the workers was affected (Robins, 2014). Two important projects taken up by this organization faced issues in recent years. Since the company has been into the news with negative views pointed against them, hence it created a bad image. Opportunity There has been a growing demand for energy and new acquisition cropped up. New markets are available for the company to explore and expand. Innovative projects can help in strengthening the brand name and image. Threat There has been tough competition in the market as posed by the other leading oil producers. Changes in government regulation, and increase in taxes is another important threat of the company. The company after facing several problems also has the scope of getting legal notices from the government or from the regulators of this industry (Esty Winston, 2009). Natural disaster Organizational Culture Core Values: Woodside Petroleum has been proud of the culture of the organization. They have strived in bringing up their companys face value. They prioritize people from various groups as they believe that each people have some unique talent and potentiality which they can use in bringing benefit to the company(Humphreys et al., 2007). They emphasize on teamwork and believe in standing at each others side in case of any difficulties. The company also tries to provide the maximum possible benefit to its employees (Wheelen Hunger, 2011). Their happiness can help the company to retain them and increase its own productivity. Recently, the company joined hand with the IBM to improve their services. The company has been using the tools of artificial intelligence and data science to administer and propose future changes that are required for development. Woodside is also engaged in saving the environment and developing the nation through tourist attraction as it did in the Myanmar by collaborating and providing training in deep water exploration skills. Conclusion: This report tried to focus on the ways through which the company excelled in business since historical ages. There have been changes in the business culture, way of conduct, focus of the business and many knick-knacks within the organization. Change is in the root of the organization. The report can be wrapped up by re-stating the findings in business strategy of this organization. There has been a shift in the strategies related to the functioning of Woodside. In addition, the findings of the SWOT and PESTEL analysis states that importance has been given to the environmental factors and there is a high scope of growth of this organization with the continuous rise in demand for the LNG. The report can be concluded by stating that statistical data over the last 5 years suggests that the company faced increase in their production by around 43% whereas there has been reduction in the cost of operation due to the advanced technology. References: Esty, D. Winston, A., 2009. Green to gold: How smart companies use environmental strategy to innovate, create value, and build competitive advantage. John Wiley Sons. Fickling, D., 2016. Woodside Needs to Spend Before Its Gas Tank Runs Dry. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 12 Jan 2017]. Humphreys, M., Sachs, J. Stiglitz, J.E., 2007. Escaping the resource curse. New York: Columbia University Press. James, B.R. et al., 2008. Intelligent Fields Management at Woodside: A Low-Cost Step Improvement in Field Management Using Off the Shelf Technology. In SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition. Ker, P., 2013. The Sydney Morning Herald. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 17 Jan 2017]. Macdonald-Smith, A., 2015. The Sydney Morning Herald. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 12 Jan 2017]. Matos, S. Hall, J., 2007. Integrating sustainable development in the supply chain: The case of life cycle assessment in oil and gas and agricultural biotechnology. Journal of Operations Management. Mearns, K. Yule, S., 2009. The role of national culture in determining safety performance: Challenges for the global oil and gas industry. Safety science. Robins, B., 2014. Canberra Times. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 12 Jan 2017]. Robins, B., 2014. Woodside seeks to head off criticism on Shell deal. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 12 Jan 2017]. Sverud, I.A. Skjrseth, J.B., 2007. Oil companies and climate change: inconsistencies between strategy formulation and implementation? Global Environmental Politics. SHAHROM, M.A.B., 2012. Improving the efficiency and effectiveness of funding Petronas's projects. Sholarin, E.A. Awange, J.L., 2015. Broad Framework for Environmental Project Management. In Environmental Project Management. Springer International Publishing. Spasic, M., 2015. The Daily Reckoning Australia. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 12 Jan 2017]. Stevenson, J., 2014. Stock Market News, Finance and Investments | Money Morning Australia. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 12 Jan 2017]. Stevenson, J..2.H.W.W.i.G.N.[.S.M.N.F.a.I.|.M.M.A.A.a., n.d. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 12 Jan 2017]. Tissot, B. Welte, D., 2012. Petroleum formation and occurrence: a new approach to oil and gas exploration. Springer Science Business Media. Wheelen, T.L. Hunger, J.D.., 2011. Concepts in strategic management and business policy. Pearson Education India. Wheelen, T.L. Hunger, J.D., 2011. Concepts in strategic management and business policy. Pearson Education India. Winning, D., 2011. Asian Trader: Woodside Petroleum's problems highlight its strengths. Baron.

Social Issues; Crime and Poverty in Camden

Introduction Over the past, the issue of racial discrimination and crime has been prevalent in the United Sates. This has threatened the social security and peaceful coexistence of the people in the community. High level of crime in the society affects many activities. It also leads to misery and suffering among the members of the society. Ethnicity is another social ill, which is common in the United States. This study aims at analyzing the crime and ethnicity at Camden area in the United States.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Social Issues; Crime and Poverty in Camden specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Describe a Particular Population Segment Camden is one of the cities in the United States that has been adversely affected by crime and its connection to racism. It is one of the most dangerous cities in the United States. Camden is located near river Delaware. According to the recent statistics the city has a population of about 77, 374. This represented a fall in the overall level based on the previous statistics. For instance, this represented a 3.2 percent fall from 2000. Camden is one of cities in the United States with the high level of crime. Crime and ethnicity are some of the major issues facing this place. There are various forms of crime including murder, burglary, and rape among others. As a result, this region has encouraged many people to migrate. For instance, the population decreased by about 3.3 percent between 2000 and 2010. This could be attributed to the increased level of crime in the region. Another main issue facing Camden region is the issue of ethnicity. The place has increased cases of ethnicity. This has significantly affected the coexistence among the people in the region. For instance, discrimination in the workplace has negatively affected the productivity of the workers. Discussion There are several factors that have contributed to these social issues in the United States. These factors have facilitated the prevalence of the vice, the fact that has led to serious problems in the society. In some cases, most criminal activities in the United States are characterized by racism. Racism has resulted to a number of crimes, which has threatened security and peaceful co-existence among the people. There are a number of opposing issues concerning racism and disparity, which has led to complication of the discussion of the issue of racism in the Criminal Justice System. For instance, there are economic differences among the people that have led to crime in the United States. It is possible to have people from different races on low-income group and on the high-income groups. Most criminal activities lead to crime in the society. The larger the differences between the poor and the rich, the high are the chances of crime. We also have differences in terms of biological heredity, psychological and others that may influence ones tendency to e ngage in crimes.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One of the main factors that have contributed to crime at Camden region is poverty. Camden region is adversely affected by high level of poverty. A large numbers of people are living below the poverty line. According to the City-Data.com (2009), the residents who were living below the poverty line by 2009 were 35.9 %. At Camden, the residents with income below 50 % of the poverty level were 17.5 % (City-Data.com 2009). Poverty is closely related to crime. In most cases, areas with high poverty levels tend to report relatively higher cases of crime (Arrigo and Williams, 2006). However, the highest proportion of this number is composed of the black or African American at Camden. According to the recent statistics, the crime rates are very high at Camden. For instance, there has been recorded to be a very high rate of youth crime. For instance, the rate of the youth crime increased by 18 % in the year 2010 (Camden Community Safety Partnership, 2010). This was relatively higher compared to the statistics recorded in the previous year. Similarly, knife crimes increased by 13 % (Camden Community Safety Partnership 2010). More than thirty knife related offences were recorded between September 2009 and January 2010. According to the Camden Community Safety Partnership statistics (2010), gun crimes increased by 77 % in 2010. In 2006, 1,693 and 4,787 cases of violent and property crimes respectively in Camden were recorded. This clearly reveals the prevalence of crime in the region. Racial differences have also led to crime in the United States. This can be explained through the discrimination that the vice has cultivated among the people. From previous statistics, results showed that the rate of arrests for the African Americans were higher than those of the other Americans (Anonymous, 2011). Crime could, th erefore, be explained in terms of the differences among the people from different races. This can be explained in terms of series cause effect. For instance, discrimination may lead to poverty among the blacks, which may then lead to crime. There are several historical incidences, which can clearly illustrate the issue of racism in America. One of this was the racism against African Americans through slavery. During this period, African Americans were enslaved and were treated like property (Randall, 1998). This led to undermining and persistent racism against Africans.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Social Issues; Crime and Poverty in Camden specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Another incident in the history, which can be used to demonstrate racism in America, took place after the Mexican- American War in 1948 (Greenhaus and Parasuraman, 1990). During the period, Zoot Suit Riots can clearly demonstrate t he racism against Latinos. The Latin Americans were usually composed of people from different ethnic and racial, backgrounds. This made them more prone to racism. At Camden region, the cases of racism are also prevalent. Recently, there was a case in one of organizations in Camden city where one of the leaders was heard claiming that the blacks must leave (Anonymous, 2011). This issue has significantly affected the coexistence among the people at Camden region. Camden city is composed of people from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds. This increases the chances of the prevalence of racism. The main races are the white, African American and Asians. According to the recent statistics, the white composed of 96.08 of the total population (Area connect, 2000). Recently, the issue of racism has raised major concerns in the study of the criminal justice. In America, there are a significant difference between the number of the black Americans and the white Americans arrested and prosecut ed for various crimes. This has raised concerns on the criminal justice practices. There are a number of areas that differ in terms of races that may lead to differences in the criminal justice. One of these differences is the level of unemployment. Through racial discrimination, there is a significant difference in the level of unemployment in different racial groups. When the level of unemployment is high, the level of poverty is also high and, therefore, there are high chances of committing crimes. For instance, an employed person may engage in stealing due to lack of livelihood. Race may also lead to differences in political orientation. This leads to differences in the views among the people from different races. In some cases, some members from a certain group may feel that they are not properly represented. In such a situation, differing views may lead people to engage in criminal activities. This discussion reveals that criminology and racism are connected in the Camden regi on. Some of the criminal activities in America are rooted in the issues related to race. As already noted, statistics have revealed that certain groups of people in America are more likely to commit a crime than the others.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is, therefore, necessary to study in terms of race differences. People from a certain race may have varying social psychological differences. This can significantly influence the conduct of individuals. For instance, there are some tendencies that are common in a particular racial group and not prevalent in others. Aspects and implications of Crime and Racism in Camden This study raises a number of ethical aspects. The analysis of crime will entail a systematic way of analyzing of the patterns as well as the trends in crime. One of the ethical issues surrounding the crime analysis is the access control. The study on crime is sensitive bearing in mind that it will involve crime victims as one of the subjects. Therefore, ethical issues will be critically observed in this case. The subjects will be free to participate in the study at their own consent. Every person involved must have the freedom to choose whether to participate or not. Therefore, there should not be any penalty for not participating in the process. For instance, it would be wrong to have a situation where the prisoners will be asked to participate in order to access certain services (Arrigo and Williams, 2006: 124). In other words, people should be free to choose any course of action without any intimidation. Another ethical issue in this case is on integrity violations. It is usually easy to corrupt data on crime. It is advisable to guard the data collected to make sure it does not land on the hands of the people who are not allowed to access it. This will prevent misuse of the data collected. Privacy is also important in this case. The names of the participants must, therefore, be kept confidential. They can only be disclosed at their own consent. The case of racism has critical implication on the profession. For instance, some leaders in one organisation at Camden were heard saying that the blacks must leave the office (Anonymous, 2011). Racism can affect the performance of employees in an organisation. Professional must refrain from practicing racism in their activities. This will ensure social satisfaction and effective coexistence among the people. Challenges Faced In an Attempt to Solve the Social Issues at Camden There are two main challenges that are faced in an effort to solve the problem of crime and racism at Camden region. One of the main challenges is poverty. For instance, 35.9 % of the residents are living below the poverty line (City-Data, 2009). Therefore, poverty is one of the major obstacles in an effort to reduce the prevalence of these issues in the society. For instance, people are indulging in criminal activities like burglary due to poverty. Therefore, the continued prevalence of poverty in the region makes it difficult to eliminate crime in the region. Another problem faced in an attempt to solve the special issues is the legal framework. For instance, there is a need to have a legal specification that specifies strict measures against the indiv iduals found guilty for practicing these vices. It becomes difficult to control these vices effectively without appropriate legal directions. A research project proposal to investigate the prevalence of crime at Camden region Problem statement Camden region is one of the most dangerous regions in the United States. It has been severally ranked among the top leading cities in terms of crime. This research seeks to investigate the prevalence of the crime in this region. Research plan This study will involve some prisoners, security officers and the statistics department of the United States. The crime victims will help to provide the necessary information on crime. The security officers will also provide important information on the prevalence of crime. The static’s’ department will also provide necessary statistics of the Camden area. This study will take approximately two months. To collect the data, this project will require five people to administer the structured qu estionnaires. Statistical analysis method In this study, statistical analysis will play a pivotal role in drawing the final decisions. We are going to use the t-test in making the conclusions. In this case, there will be hypothesis about the study. One of the variables in this case will be poverty. The null hypothesis (H0) that poverty does not lead to crime will be tested against the alternative hypothesis (Ha) that poverty leads to crime. This hypothesis will either be accepted or rejected depending on the results of the test. The data collected will therefore be necessary in testing the hypothesis. In this case, t-test will be useful in determining the major causes of crime as well as its prevalence in Camden region. Subjects of the study Since this study touches critical issues on crime, it will involve the security officers and other personnel concerned with security matters. It will also involve some of the government officials who will provide necessary statistics on crime ac tivities in the region. Prisoners will also be useful in providing necessary details that will help in understanding the issue of crime in the region. For instance, it helps in revealing the reasons why they were involved in crime. In the present evaluation, some of the subjects are going to be crime victims. The issue of security is therefore very critical in this case. The researchers will need to protect the participants from any form of victimization. For instance, the researcher may retrieve information like involvement in abusive activities. In such a situation, the interviewer must ensure the security of the participants (Taubes, 1993: 1109). However, they may use safe ways to help the participants. Significance of the Study This study will be of great significance to the policy makers in the region and other agencies involved in security matters. The findings of the study will be of great importance to the policy makers, as they will use this information in making policy dec isions. For instance, in case the statistical tests reveals that poverty is a significant cause of crime in the region, them they may set policies which will reduce the poverty levels which will consequently reduce the rates of crime. The study will also reveal other significant relationships of crime with other aspects, which will be necessary in finding the solution to the rising cases of crime at Camden. The data collected will also be useful to the security officers. For instance, the data on the distribution of criminal activities in the region will be necessary in making decisions on the areas to which they need to deploy more soldiers to maintain security. They will also use such information in determining the areas that requires intensive patrol depending on the nature of crimes. Reference List Anonymous. (2011). Race and Ethnicity – Race in U.S. Legal History, Native Americans, Black Americans and Crime, Policing and Minorities. Web. Area connect. (2010). Camden Crim e Statistics and Crime Data. Web. Area connect. (2000) Camden City, New Jersey Statistics and Demographics (US Census 2000). Web. Arrigo, B. and Williams, C. (2006). Philosophy, Crime, and Criminology. U.S.A.: University of Illinois Press. Camden Community Safety Partnership (2010). Monthly Performance Report – January 2010. Web. Citi-Data.com. (2009). Camden, New Jersey (NJ) Poverty Rate Data – Information about poor and low-income residents. Web. Greenhaus, J. and Parasuraman, S. (1990). Effects of race on organizational experiences, job performance evaluations, and career outcomes. Azcademy of Management Journal. 1990, Vol. 1, pp. 64-86. Randall, K. (1998). Race, Crime, and the Law. New York: Vintage Books. Taubes, G. (1993). Misconduct (Views from the trenches). Vol. 261:1108–11. This research paper on Social Issues; Crime and Poverty in Camden was written and submitted by user Aqueduct to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Gone Girl - Book Club Discussion Questions

Gone Girl - Book Club Discussion Questions by Gillian Flynn was one of the big suspense novels of 2012. But far from just being a mindless thriller, Gone Girl is a literary page turner that is smart and witty. These book club discussion questions will help your reading group explore the plot, themes and ideas raised in the novel. Spoiler Warning: These questions contain important details about Gone Girl. Finish the book before reading on. In the first third of the book, did you think Nick was guilty? Why or why not?In the second part of the book, once you know the truth, what did you think was going to happen with Nick and Amy?Do you think someone could actually plan every detail of a set up or murder as perfectly as Amy did?What did you expect to happen after Amy returned? Were you surprised by her final precaution? Do you think that would truly be enough to get Nick to stay?Early on in the book, Amy writes in her diary: Because isnt that the point of every relationship: to be known by someone else, to be understood? (29).Toward the end of the book, on the night of Amys return, when she is making the case for going forward together, here is what she says and Nick thinks:Think about it, Nick, we know each other. Better than anyone in the world now.It was true that Id had this feeling too, in the past month, when I wasnt wishing Amy harm. It would come to me at strange momentsin the middle of the night, up to take a pi ss, or in the morning pouring a bowl of cerealId detect a nib of admiration, and more than that, fondness for my wife, right in the middle of me, right in the gut. To know exactly what I wanted to hear in those notes, to woo me back to her, even to predict all my wrong moves...the woman knew me cold...All this time Id thought we were strangers, and it turned out we knew each other intuitively, in our bones, in our blood (385).To what extent do you think the desire to be understood drives relationships? Do you understand how this could be appealing to Nick despite everything else? Nick stops strangling Amy and thinks, Who would I be without Amy to react to? Because she was right: As a man, I had been my most impressive when I loved her and I was my next best self when I hated her...I couldnt return to an average life (396).Is this believable? Is it possible for Nick to be more fulfilled in an extraordinary relationship where he is understood even if it is manipulative an dangerous?Nick once muses, It seemed to me that there was nothing new to be discovered ever again...We were the first human beings who would never see anything for the first time. We stare at the wonders of the world, dull-eyed, underwhelmed. Mona Lisa, the Pyramids, the Empire State Building. Jungle animals on attack, ancient icebergs collapsing, volcanoes erupting. I cant recall a single amazing thing I have seen firsthand that I didnt immediately reference to a movie or TV show...Ive literally seen it all, and the worst thing, the thing that makes me want to blow my brains out, is: The sec ondhand experience is always better. The image is crisper, the view keener, the camera angle and soundtrack manipulate my emotions in a way reality cant anymore (72).Do you think this observation is true about our generation? How do you think this affects relationships? How does it affect the way we live? Nick writes,I got secretly furious, spent ten minutes just winding myself up because at this point of our marriage, I was so used to being angry with her, it felt almost enjoyable, like gnawing on a cuticle: You know you should stop, that it doesnt really feel as good as you think, but you cant quit grinding away (107).Have you experienced this dynamic? Why do you think it feels good to be angry sometimes?At one point, Amy quotes the advice Fake it until you make it. Later, Nick writes, We pretend to be in love, and we do the things we like to do when were in love, and it feels almost like love sometimes, because we are so perfectly putting ourselves through the paces (404).Generally speaking, do you think this is good marriage advice? Do Nick and Amy disprove this advice?Rate Gone Girl on a scale of 1 to 5.

How Many Nanometers in a Meter

How Many Nanometers in a Meter SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you’re interested in studying a field such as biology or computer engineering, knowing how to convert nanometers to meters (or nm to m) will be a vital skillto have. In this guide, we'll go over exactly what a nanometer is and what it measures. We’ll then give you three methods you can use for converting nm to m. Finally, we’ll provide you with a chart that shows various conversions from nanometers to millimeters, centimeters, decimeters, and more. What Is a Nanometer? A Meter? Nanometers and meters are both units of measurement that are used to measure length. A meter (m) is the basic unit of length in the International System of Units, or what is typically known as the metric system. One meter is equivalent to approximately 3.28 feet in the Imperial system, which is used in the United States and a smattering of other countries. A nanometer (nm) is equal to one-billionth of a meter.Theprefix "nano" literally means one-billionth. Written out, one nanometer looks like 0.000000001 m (that’s nine zeros!). It can be a little long to write out fully, though, so another option is to use exponents. A calculator will most likely show you1e-9for one-billionth, meaning1 * 10-9. So if you’d rather write out one-billionth using exponents, you could do 1 * 10-9, or even just 10-9. To help you understand the relationship between nm and m, let’s look at an analogy provided by the National Nanotechnology Initiative: "If the diameter of a marble [were] one nanometer, then [the] diameter of the Earth would be about one meter." That’s a gigantic difference and goes to show just how much bigger one meter is compared to one nanometer! What Are Nanometers Used to Measure? One nanometer is so small, it’s invisible to the human eye.Nanometers are generally used to measure microscopic things, both man-made and natural, such as molecules, atoms, and the tiny components used in computer processors. Your fingernails grow about 1 nm each second. That’s around 86,400 nm each day- but that’s still such a small length that you wouldn’t even notice it! Still not understanding just how small a nanometer really is? Imagine a ruler. You probably have a decent grasp of how big a centimeter is. Remember that 10 millimeters fit into one centimeter, so millimeters are already pretty small. Now listen to this: there are one MILLION nanometers in just one millimeter! The following chart will give you a better idea of how many nanometers there are in various things you can (and cannot!) see with the naked eye in the world around you: Specimen Length in Nanometers Dust mite 200,000 nm Sheet of paper (thickness) 100,000 nm Human hair (thickness) 80,000-100,000 nm Red blood cell 7,000-8,000 nm Bacterium 2,500 nm Nanoparticle (diameter) 4 nm Human DNA (diameter) 2.5 nm Atom 0.1-0.2 nm 3 Methods for Converting Nanometers to Meters There are a few ways you can convert nm to m. We go over each of these below. Method 1: Set Up a Conversion Equation The first conversion method is to set up an equation. Recall that 1 m is equivalent to 1,000,000,000 nm. To use this nm-to-m method, you’ll want to write this as a fraction: $${1 \m}/{1,000,000,000 \nm}$$ Let’s say you were given a measurement of 12,358 nm. To convert this to meters, all you need to do is multiply the measurement in nm by the conversion factor (the fraction above). Here is what this would look like written out: $$12,358 \nm=12,358{1/1,000,000,000}$$ $$12,358 \nm=0.000012358 \m$$ If you wanted to convert a measurement from m to nm, simply flip the conversion factor upside down so that it looks like this: $${1,000,000,000 \nm}/{1 \m}$$ Because the denominator is 1, this fraction is the same as 1,000,000,000. Therefore, you canjust multiply your measurement in m by 1,000,000,000 to get its conversion in nm. Method 2: Move the Decimal Another method you can use for converting nm to m is moving the decimal over.Nanometers and meters are based on units of 10 (like the whole of the metric system), so converting between units is really about moving the decimal. Because 1,000,000,000 nm equals 1 m, converting from nanometers to metersconsists of simply moving the decimal point to the left nine places. Let’s look at an example. Say you have a dust mite that is205,449.13 nm in length. To convert this measurement to meters, all you have to do is move the decimal point to the left nine places: By doing this, you should get the following: $205,449.13 \nm=0.00020544913 \m$ If you have a whole number, such as 682 nm, the decimal point will be after the last number (think of it like 682.0 nm), so you’ll start from there before moving it to the left nine places to get your conversion, which in this case would be 0.000000682 m. Method 3: Use an Online Conversion Tool The final nm-to-m conversion method you can use is an online conversion tool. Many websites offer free conversion tools you can use to quickly and accurately convert a certain measurement from nanometers to meters. All you need to do is input the measurement in nm and you’ll be given the conversion in m instantly. Available conversion tools we recommend using include The Calculator Site, which offers a helpful reference chart, and FormulaConversion.com, which lets you see the conversions right as you add, subtract, and/or change numbers. You can use any online nm-to-m conversion calculator, just as long as it’s accurate. If you’re not sure whether the answer the tool gives you is correct or not, try one of the two methods above to double-check your answer. Can you figure out how many nm are in 20 km? How Many Nanometers Are in a Meter?In a Kilometer? It's definitely helpful toknow how to convert nm to m, but what about converting nanometers to centimeters? To micrometers? To kilometers? The following chart gives a brief overview of various conversions, all the way from nm to km: Measurement Conversion in Nanometers 1 kilometer (km) 1,000,000,000,000 nm(one trillion) 1 hectometer (hm) 100,000,000,000 nm(one hundred billion) 1 decameter/dekameter (dam/dkm) 10,000,000,000 nm(ten billion) 1 meter (m) 1,000,000,000 nm(one billion) 1 decimeter (dm) 100,000,000 nm(one hundred million) 1 centimeter (cm) 10,000,000 nm(ten million) 1 millimeter (mm) 1,000,000 nm(one million) 1 micrometer (ÃŽ ¼m/um) 1,000 nm(one thousand) 1 nanometer (nm) 1 nm What’s Next? Trying to study for SAT Math? Then take a look at our expert guide to the SAT Math section and learn how you can get a perfect score on it. Curious about how Celsius converts to Fahrenheit? Our in-depth guide walks you through the #1 trick to know so that you can quickly convert between these temperature units. How do you convert decimals to fractions? And what about cups to quarts? Read our guides to learn all the tips and tricks out there!

Making A BusinessCase Talent Management Case Study

Making A BusinessCase Talent Management - Case Study Example hin the current context of the university, and means by which other universities are utilizing talent management as a way to define their human resource capabilities to the highest possible extent. Firstly, with regards to what talent management necessarily engenders, it is a practice that fits hand in glove with the university’s stated mission of providing excellence in education and research both to its students, faculty, the community at large, and various other shareholders. Furthermore, talent management is a way to seek to develop some of the existing resources that the university may hold and be completely unaware of. In this way of consideration, one should also consider the potential savings that could be realized through implementing a thorough and well defined talent management policy. For instance, the economic realities of the current system indicate that the cost of new hires is on average several percentage points above the salaries of existing employees that the university retains. Using simple logic, one can quickly infer that merely developing some of the talent potential that exists within the university itself can be a means of greatly reducing the c osts of potential new hires. However, such a means of implementation will not work unless the employees in question are retained. This is another unique factor that talent management offers the firm or organization that seeks to put it into practice. Whereas a lack of a talent management process necessarily leads to a rather high turnover rate, a well established talent management policy allows for the human resources of the university to be appreciated and developed in a way that only encourages their continued employment with the organization. This win-win situation is one in which costs are held law, turnover is reduced, and employees are able to develop a sense of accomplishment and appreciation within the system itself. Similarly, a litany of studies, to include one performed by the

Research- managing small business Research Paper

- managing small business - Research Paper Example RAYZ is small company in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, having business interests in digital marketing and social media. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the behaviour of small business with respect to established theories and principles, taking RAYZ as an example. In most of the developed countries such as the United States and United Kingdom, big companies or corporates contribute heavily to economic development whereas in developing countries such as India and China, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role in streamlining economic progress. Small business or SME has different definitions in different countries. As the name indicates, small business or SME is nothing but a business in which the revenue generated and the number of employees working is below certain standards. These standards will be different in different countries. While the United States has not set any criteria for defining SMEs, the European Union defines Small enterprise as a company with fewer than 50 employees, and medium-sized enterprise as a company with fewer than 250 employees (Investopedia, 2015). Saudi Arabia is one of the most rapidly developing states in the Middle East at present. As in the case of India and China, SMEs contribute heavily to the development of the KSA. A lot of small business operates in the Kingdom by the locals as well as foreigners. RAYZ is one such small company, started in Riyadh 2012 by a young group of creative and ambitious individuals. Bandar Alwabil and Yazeed AlGhuraibi are the founders of RAYZ which is specialized in digital marketing and social media business. Rayan Alwabil is the Chief Executive Officer of the company while Yazeed AlGhuraibi is working as the Chief Operating Officer of the company at present. Around 30 employees work in various departments of RAYZ now (RAYZ, 2015). The

Philosophy The New Testament Essay Example for Free

Philosophy The New Testament Essay It is a well known fact that the Bible is at the head of the list of the most widely read books in the whole world. Moreover, it seems that with time the Bible only expands its range of influence as this text is being constantly examined by representatives of various religious groups, by historians, by philosophers, and by many other people. In this regard, what makes the Bible such a prolific and unique religious and historical text is its wide scope of significance and various patters of meaning in it which, depending on the employed analytical tools, can contain different messages within the same parts of the text. Let us on the example of the excerpt from the twelfth chapter of the Gospel of Mark in the New Testament try to find out how meaning and significance are encoded in the Biblical texts, and what approaches readers can use to extract messages contained in these writings. The larger context of the chapter with the passage devoted to the question about the resurrection The excerpt that we are about to explain in a systematic way is tentatively called â€Å"The Question about the Resurrection† in the book of Kurt Aland â€Å"Synopsis of the Four Gospels†. Indeed, this part of the twelfth chapter of the Gospel of Mark is dealing with the question that at first might seem to undermine the very idea of resurrection, and is giving the answer of Jesus Christ to that apparent dilemma. However, before going into the details of the polemics between Christ and Sadducees, it would be helpful to consider the general content of the chapter, so that we could better appreciate the context in which the question about the resurrection is discussed. The excerpt about the resurrection issue is preceded by the mentioning that Jesus had started speaking in parables. In accordance with this, in the first part of the twelfth chapter the parable of the tenants is given, then a famous answer of Christ about paying of taxes to Caesar follows, then goes the question about the resurrection, and before its end the chapter also includes several other important teachings of Christ. What unites all of these sub-parts of the twelfth chapter of the Gospel of Mark is that most of them, including the question about the resurrection, give account of the immediate instances of communication of Christ with people who are integral participants of dialogs, so that their questions and answers shape the way Christ responds and teaches. Meaning conveyed by the form of the passage devoted to the question about the resurrection With this larger context of the twelfth chapter of the Gospel of Mark in mind, we can start the analysis of the excerpt devoted to the issue of the resurrection. The excerpt begins with the description of the provoking behavior of Sadducees, who, similarly to those who just before them had tried to provoke Jesus by asking about payment of taxes to Caesar, compose a sophisticated case against the plausibility of the resurrection. That Sadducees are characterized as those â€Å"who say that there is no resurrection† (Mark 12. 8) instantly suggests that their intent in not an honest inquiry, but a hidden desire to disprove the teaching of Jesus. Besides, the strict succession and logical structure of the formulation of their question makes us think that it had been prepared well in advance, maybe even specifically for this encounter with Christ. For example, the question as voiced by Sadducees begins with the phrase: â€Å". . . Teacher, Moses wrote for us that if . . . † (Mark 12. 18). In this way, while formally appealing to the wisdom of Christ as the teacher, Sadducees actually advance their own vision of things, and so, along with Pharisees and Herodians, are on one hand presented as tempters of Christ, and on the other hand may be viewed as representatives of the limited earthly wisdom. This impression is also bolstered by the artificiality of the case of a woman who had married seven brothers, which seems to be a very unlikely occasion, or at least the one extremely rare. Ironically, for the purpose of the argumentation Sadducees might well deal only with the example of two brothers and one wife, so the fact that they went as far as mentioning the seventh brother may be interpreted as bespeaking their blind striving for their self-assertion as intellectually superior to others, including Jesus Christ. In reality, it is exactly this type of arrogance that is often reproached by the Bible, and this part of the passage about the resurrection offers perhaps one of the best instances of such hidden criticism. However, for those who might omit this implicit negative stance towards the arrogance of Sadducees, an open criticism of their quasi-intellectualism voiced by Christ quickly follows. In his answer to Sadducees Christ does not allow them to draw him into the format of the discussion that Sadducees had striven to create to achieve their own aim of confusing Jesus, but rather outright rejects the very premises of their line of argumentation as the ones completely ignorant of the subject of the discussion. In this way, Christ is actually shown by the text to masterfully possess skills of argumentative dialogue as he is able to change the form of the dialogue, which is persuasively shown by the observation later in the text of the twelfth chapter of the Gospel of Mark that says: â€Å". . . And after that no one [including Sadducees] dared to ask him any question. . . † (Mark 12. 34). So, to summarize on this point, the changes in the form of the passage about the resurrection from what starts as an instance of communication presumably controlled by Sadducees into the one ultimately controlled by Christ carries in it the wider meaning directed at the instigation of readers to think by analogy, and to compare the form of the dialog between Sadducees and Christ with other passages in the Bible, and with instances from our everyday life. Significance of the content of the passage devoted to the question about the resurrection Aside from its instructive form, the passage about the resurrection is very important in terms of the significance of its content. In fact, this excerpt is devoted to one of the key notions of the very Christian religion in which the miracle of resurrection serves as the manifestation of the power of God to defeat even death. Therefore, any passage in the Bible that clarifies this conception is significant, not to mention excerpts akin to the one we are examining that directly deal with the matter of the resurrection. In this respect, the peculiarity of the contribution that the twelfth chapter of the Gospel of Mark makes to this issue is not so much that it tells us what is the resurrection, but that it rather provides Chirst`s explanation of what the resurrection is not. In the context of the question of Sadducees, Christ explains that it is wrong to apply to those who are dead the familiar earthly notion of marriage, because â€Å". . . when they rise from the dead, they neither marry nor are given in marriage. . . † (Mark 12. 25). In the line 27 Christ also points out that God is â€Å". . . not God the dead, but of the living. . . † (Mark 12. 27). It is this powerful denial of superficial views on the resurrection held by Sadducees that is the essence of Christ`s indignant response to the question about the resurrection and of his attempt to show that it is fundamentally ill-formulated. Moreover, in the studied passage we also can find some hints as to what the resurrection is like. Jesus briefly comments that after the dead are risen they â€Å"are like angels in heaven† (Mark 12. 25). Still, it seems that this characterization is simultaneously equally used to further bolster the description of what the resurrection is not, as the comparison of people who have been risen with angels carries the theme of the discussion away from the material world on which Sadducees seem to be overly focused. Thus, readers who seek explanations for some crucial religious ideas may view the studied passage that examines the question about the resurrection as primarily one of those parts of the Bible that provide the firsthand account of the theological aspects of teachings of Jesus Christ. Conclusion As we can see, the Bible, being the text that pretends to give an account of historical events and at the same time to send universal and timeless messages, indeed works on many levels that coexist within the same biblical texts, and mutually reinforce one another by enhancing their significance and by highlighting various patters of meaning that they contain. More specifically, in the passage devoted to the question of the resurrection the form of the text as if works to copy the conversational and emotional aspects of what might have been an actual argumentative tug of war between Sadducees and Christ in which Jesus had the final word. So, in this regard the Bible has the function of a historical document. At the same time, the content of this passage, which sheds light on the phenomenon of the resurrection, has the life of its own because this excerpt also has the function of a religious text that elucidates important elements of the Christian doctrine.

Upton Sinclairs The Jungle - It’s a Jungle Out There :: Upton Sinclair The Jungle

The Jungle  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It’s a Jungle Out There      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Upton Sinclair’s novel The Jungle (1906) gives an in depth look at the lives of the immigrant workers here in America.   In fact the look was so in depth that the Pure Food and Drug Act was created as a result.   Many people tend to focus purely on the unsanitary conditions instead of the hardships faced by the workers.   Actually I think that Sinclair doesn’t want the focus on the meatpacking, but on overcoming obstacles, especially through Socialism.   Sinclair was himself very outspoken when it came to Socialism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The story takes place in Chicago with a group of immigrants.   They have come to the United States only to discover that it is a cruel, harsh world, and the land of shattered dreams.   The group first goes through many difficult trials and tribulations.   The first big problem faced by the group is a marriage, which costs a great deal of money.   The second ordeal is a very tragic death.   After these one couple buys a house that is sold to them for three times its value.   The parents and other groups then move into the house.   One of the characters goes into the meat packing industry and this is where we find out all of the unsanitary details of the factory.   Another character is a musician who is struggling to find work so his wife takes a job.   After a while the character at the meat packing plant breaks his arm and is not received back once he heals.   He learns at this that the owners do not care for their work ers and will take you if you are new, but as soon as something happens they throw you out.   It is at this point that the character talks to a Socialist ad he inspires him to begin traveling to the meetings.   He returns to his job and becomes the manager immediately.   After his first Socialist rally, he listens to mainly two people; one an ex-professor who has become a philosopher and the other an evangelist who has become a traveler.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Jungle had a great deal to do about socialism.   Upton disliked Communism and Capitalism a great deal and thought that Socialism was the answer.   Sinclair was brought up in Baltimore and his family was considerably poor.   His father was very unsuccessful at hi job and it is believed that for this reason Sinclair became a Socialist because in communist countries all people are treated equal.

Homeland Security Essay

Risk management procedure is an important phase in introducing the anti-terrorist procedures aimed to secure certain residents in a specific area. Through this particular procedure, it is necessary that people are notified as to how much risk they are supposed to face in the process. Knowing the precautions that the target people are supposed to take should then help in the education that is given to people as to how they are supposed to face the different impending causes and later results of terrorism in the community (IC 2007 Internet). Once the people are already knowledgeable of what they are facing and what they are particularly at, they are then ready to face the challenges of the situation at a more prepared and confident phase. Knowingly, they are able to protect themselves from the results of impending terrorism. Vulnerability Assessment is also a vital part of the process which at the same time involves at least four other steps needed for consideration. The said steps are as follows: 1. Cataloging assets and capabilities (resources) in a system 2. Assigning quantifiable value and importance to the resources 3. Identifying the vulnerabilities or potential threats to each resource 4. Mitigating or eliminating the most serious vulnerabilities for the most valuable resources From the outlined process of vulnerability assessment, it is noticeable that the focus of the approach in assessing the vulnerability of the community is based upon the environment and the possible threats that are observed from (Stockton 2007 internet), acting towards the said threats could help in the process of making it easier for the society to see their capabilities in protecting themselves well from the threats of terrorism raised against them.

Nurse Patient Communication

According to the article, â€Å"Nurse-Patient Communication Barriers in Iranian Nursing† (Anoosheh et al, 2009) communication is one of the basic social needs of human beings. This article is the description of a study done to better understand the barriers that inhibit nurse-patient communication. Communication is critical in the nursing profession and can be considered a main aspect of nursing care.Patients and families count on nurses to keep them informed, help them feel connected to their physicians and other caregivers, to listen to them, to ease their anxiety, and to protect and watch over them during their healthcare experience. However, many studies (Anoosheh et al. 2009) have shown poor results in the quality of nurse –patient communication. There is the risk that nurses can become focused on tasks, physiological needs of the patient and time management at the expense of psychological needs.I am a firm believer that the psychological aspect of human beings can directly influence our physical state. I agree with the statement in the article that communication can be, â€Å"an essential part of nursing care but also as a treatment by itself† (Anoosheh et al. 2009). As I give care in my nursing practice I can improve communication by confirming patient feelings by asking questions such as, â€Å"How are you feeling today? † or â€Å"How do you feel about your upcoming procedure? †.To help patients know what to expect I can explain what care I will be performing, how long it will take and what their role may be. Another aspect that is necessary for quality patient care is collaborating with the patient by asking questions like, â€Å"What can we do better? † and, â€Å"How is the treatment working? † These patient centered questions can get patients talking about their thoughts and feelings. With a positive nurse patient relationship, there can be patient and family satisfaction and an environment that supp orts healing.

Yellow Journalism Research Paper Example

Yellow Journalism Research Paper Example Yellow Journalism Paper Yellow Journalism Paper Yellow Journalism Complete the graphic organizer using the information from Site 1 . Headlines Pulitzer and Hearst agreed that the key to selling a newspaper was an attention-grabbing emotional headline. At Site 2, click on Headline Gallery and look at the headlines from actual newspapers in 1898. Notice the word choices in the headlines. . List the words you see that appeal to peoples emotions: -vengeance, victory, slaughter, war, destroyed, enemy, conviction, criminals, death, perpetrator, outrage, crisis, treachery, blow 2. In the chart, rewrite the headlines below in the style of yellow journalism. Remember, you want each title to include alarming Or sensational words that would prompt people to buy the paper and find out more. For example, a headline that reads Politician Accused of Corruption might be rewritten as Scandal! Politician Caught in Shameless Crime! Headline Rewrite Dead Body Found in Creek Deceased Jane Doe found in Huntington Creek and too mutilated to be identified! Could we have a murderer on the loose? Grocery Store Robbed Thugs threaten our local businesses after the destructive robbery last night Coal Building Burned to the Ground Arson!! Local businesses and shops could be at risk!! It is a type of journalism that uses little to no true honest sources and just writes with catchy headlines and false gossip. It is all about catching the readers eye and getting them to read what is the supposed latest gossip. It also uses a lot of pictures and cartoons that appeal to the eyes of the buyer. It was used to make money for newspaper companies. All they care about is the money and that the buyers enjoy what they put out. They do not care if their facts are legitimate or not. It is all about making money and it was discovered and used as a smart marketing move. They also wanted to influence people of the United States at the time that war with Spain was necessary; therefore, they exaggerated all the war details and the war stories of what the Spanish were doing to the Cubans. There was a particular cartoon called The Yellow Kid that was used by the top magazines specifically by two men named Hearst and Pulitzer. This cartoon was very popular and it used yellow ink that caught buyers eye; therefore, the critics named the form of journalism after the cartoon. It was and still is used everywhere. It was originally discovered in New York City but its use and popularity did not stop there.

Repartee Definition and Examples

Repartee Definition and Examples A repartee means having a quick, witty reply or an exchange of witty remarks and comes from the Old French to set out again. Examples and Observations First one speaks, then presently tothers upon him slap, with a Repartee.(Bayes in The Rehearsal by George Villiers, 1672)†The concept of staircase wit, authored by the French writer Denis Diderot, refers to those devastatingly clever remarks that we’re unable to produce when they’re needed, but come to mind with perfect clarity moments later, as we’re walking down the staircase and heading out the door. There is no similar expression in English, but the Germans have long had their own word for it: Treppenwitz (also ‘staircase wit’). The writer Heywood Broun certainly had this phenomenon in mind when he wrote: ‘Repartee is what you wish you’d said.’... While the word retort suggests the notion of putting adversaries and opponents in their place, repartee is a broader term that refers to clever or witty remarks in almost any social situation. Repartee stories have been around for centuries.†(Mardy Grothe, Viva la Reparte e. Collins, 2005)†Even when members of the Algonquin Round Table pondered some of life’s most serious questions, one or another of the witty group would somehow find a way to lighten the conversation. During a discussion of suicide one day, George S. Kaufman was asked by another member of the group, ‘So, how would you kill yourself?’ Kaufman considered the question thoughtfully for several moments before replying: ‘With kindness.’†(Quoted by Mardy Grothe in Viva la Repartee) Repartee is something we think of twenty-four hours too late.(Mark Twain)[T]art-tongued Lady Astor, the first woman elected to the House of Commons, allegedly told [Winston] Churchill, If you were my husband, Id put poison in your coffee (in his tea, more likely). Madam, Churchill is said to have responded, If you were my wife, Id drink it. Many biographers of both Churchill and Astor report that some form of this exchange took place. However, the researcher for a biography of Churchill... discounted the comment as uncharacteristic of the rather prim prime minister.(Ralph Keyes, The Quote Verifier: Who Said What, Where, and When. Macmillan, 2006) Dorothy Parker â€Å"In the hospital Dorothy Parker was visited by her secretary, to whom she wished to dictate some letters. Pressing the button marked NURSE, Dorothy observed, ‘That should assure us at least 45 minutes of undisturbed privacy.’† â€Å"Dorothy Parker and a friend were talking about a forceful and garrulous celebrity. ‘She’s so outspoken,’ remarked the friend. ‘By whom?’ asked Dorothy.† â€Å"Looking at a worn-out toothbrush in their hostess’s bathroom, a fellow guest said to Dorothy Parker, ‘Whatever do you think she does with that?’ ’I think she rides it on Halloween’ was the reply.†(Quoted in The Little, Brown Book of Anecdotes, edited by Clifton Fadiman. Little,Brown and Co., 1985) Oscar Wilde â€Å"Ah, well, then, I suppose that I shall have to die beyond my means.†(at the mention of a huge fee for a surgical operation) â€Å"Work is the curse of the drinking classes.† â€Å"I have nothing to declare except my genius.†(at the New York Custom House) â€Å"Democracy means simply the bludgeoning of the people by the people for the people.†(Quoted in The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations, 6th ed., edited by Elizabeth Knowles. Oxford Univ. Press, 2004)

Community Issue Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Community Issue Article - Essay Example The leading cause of pollution within urban areas is road transport, which accounts for more than 53 thousand premature deaths. Air pollution refers to the transfer of harmful and discomforting materials in the atmosphere and the environment. Air pollution has been one of the significant environmental issues affecting communities in United States since the advent of industrialization. Increased populations in the urban areas and traffic crowding have increased the toxic chemicals in the air within the cities. This traffic-caused pollution is associated with the likelihood of cancer together with pregnancy problems. Many of industries and power generation plants within the neighborhoods of United States communities emit harmful chemicals into the air. Though these companies assist in the development of the country’s economy, the emissions have adverse effects on people’s health. Scientific studies have also shown that a person’s risk of getting stroke can increase by 30% if they encounter ‘moderate’ amount of air pollution on a daily basis. The adverse effects of air pollution have attracted political and scientific attention. The evidence associating air pollution to premature deaths has made the nation wake up and realize that air pollution is a significant community issue in the urban areas and something need to be done to address it. According to a report by the Voice of America (1), people who die prematurely due to air pollution always die a decade earlier than they would have died. Premature deaths are prevalent in densely populated regions, which increase residential air pollution through heating and cooking emissions. This is most prevalent in the West and East coasts of United States. Air pollution from industries and power generating industries seem to be high and prevalent in Detroit, Chicago and Philadelphia. Gulf coast regions have high air pollution levels

Lived experience interacting with organizations that highlights either Essay

Lived experience interacting with organizations that highlights either motivation or stress - Essay Example The impact of motivation manifests in the supermarket, which equally faces the challenge of ensuring that the employees are motivated to perform well. Motivation is not only a personal urge to perform but also a fundamental necessity for one’s success in life, and individuals must therefore know how to motivate themselves. This is so because the workplace has many challenges required to be overcome by individual employees, and hence the need for motivation. In light of this, the management of reference organizations bears the responsibility of knowing how to motivate the employees though the management unfortunately lacks control of the derived motivation. As a result, the employees have a duty to derive personal motivation and to control the motivation generated by the management with a view of boosting the overall performance of the organization. Motivation may refer to a psychological force that stimulates or reinforces action geared towards a specified direction for purpos es of attaining a certain goal. Motivation aims at controlling and ensuring persistence in all goal-directed behaviors. As seen above, motivation is an employee’s quest to satisfy or fulfill their personal need. Various theories seek to address motivation, but in this context, McClelland's Need Theory stands out. McClelland's Need Theory of motivation asserts that unsatisfied needs are the motivators of human actions. McClelland's Need Theory further acknowledges the different levels of needs that derive human motivation where individuals must satisfy specific lower needs before satisfying higher ones. Nevertheless, the theory notes that individuals must bear the will and get the opportunity to satisfy such needs for them to derive motivation. Employment in different organizations acts as a better opportunity and measure for motivation among individuals. Indeed, through my interactions with the employees and management at the supermarket, I got the opportunity to experience v arious needs and the resultant motivation among the employees. My experience allowed me to confirm the complexity of the motivation phenomenon and the needs of individuals, which form a good base to address motivation in an organization. Just as the needs theory highlights, only the unsatisfied needs influence behavior among employees working for different organizations. At the supermarket, I experienced individuals with different levels of motivation based on their unsatisfied needs and other factors. The low-paid employees and junior employees seemingly manifested very low levels of motivation probably because they had very many unsatisfied needs. An interview and consistent observation of the employees, during and after work, established that low pay and low job levels demotivate reference employees from performing better. On the other hand, the management, high-paid workers, and the senior employees of the supermarket had very high levels of motivation based on the comfort of th eir work status. The management, high-paid workers, and the senior employees kept urging, pressuring, and encouraging the seemingly poor motivated employees to perform better. It is arguably true that the need for higher pay, promotions, better working conditions, and recognition acted as a motivation for the employees to perform better at the supermarket. The need to be in control and influence other employees, search for a competitive position, and the need

The Black Box Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Black Box - Essay Example The symbols she uses indirectly communicate the major theme of the work, in addition to the seemingly innocuous dialogue of the seemingly innocuous lottery happening in the town. One of the more potent symbols Jackson uses throughout her story is the black box, and, more generally, just the color black. Black, as it is traditionally interpreted, stands for death, decay, ignorance, and decline. The black box, of course, holds the lottery slips. While a similar ballot box would receive slips from voters in an election, this box only gives out slips, showing the lack of individual choice and freedom in this ritual. The blackness of the box gives off an ominous foreshadowing of events, and is itself a symbolic description of how the townspeople have sacrifice their individual wills to the social decree., as Jackson writes, â€Å"The black box grew shabbier each year: by now it was no longer completely black but splintered badly along one side to show the original wood color, and in some places faded or stained†. The keen reader recognizes that the box’s decay indicates not only the physical corrosion of the box but of the social and moral corrosion of what it represents: the lottery. As the process accelerates during the course of â€Å"The Lottery†, Jackson writes that the townspeople stay as far away from the box as possible. Once again, this description is clearly relating to physical distance; but it may also refer to the concept of responsibility, and the moral qualms people have about participating in the lottery. The townspeople avoid the black box as if it were some kind of evil spirit, and because of this endow the box with such great power. Jackson writes, â€Å"The villagers kept their distance, leaving a space between themselves and the stool†¦Ã¢â‚¬  What otherwise would be just some old dilapidated box is, as a result of the social order and status quo, is an

Company overview and market analysis for pepsico

Company overview and market analysis for pepsico PepsiCo Inc. is the worlds second largest soft drink brand and the worlds largest potato chips manufacturer. In this report, we will be analysing PepsiCo Inc.s marketing strategies with regards to its North American market. Where absolutely required, PepsiCos international efforts are mentioned as well as some past advertising feats. I will, however, try to cover as much of PepsiCos recent strategies as possible. Relevant references are cited at the end of the report, following with a number of images in the Appendix. Company Profile: In New Bern, North Carolina, USA, Caleb Bradham created a fountain drink, which contained digestive enzymes pepsin and kola nuts. This was then known as Brads drink. Subsequently, it was renamed and marketed as Pepsi-Cola (Soda Museum 2010). The Pepsi-Cola Company, in 1965, merged with Frito-Lay Inc., to become PepsiCo Inc. Pepsi is PepsiCo Inc.s flagship product and signature drink (PepsiCo Inc. 2010). Advertising efforts in the early years of Pepsi-Cola mainly presented itself as a bargain brand compared to rival Coca-Cola. However, since the later part of the 20th Century, PepsiCos marketing strategy is focused towards the young people with taglines such Choice of a New Generation being the spotlight. Macro Environment: Political: PepsiCo Inc. is a multinational company. As such, it is exposed to different political environments. In 2006, The Centre of Science and Environment (CSE) based in India found that soda drinks including Pepsi-Cola had high pesticide content. Following this, the state of Kerala banned the sale and production of Pepsi-Cola, along with other soft-drinks. However, this decision was later reversed by the Kerala High Court. Five other Indian states have partial ban on soft-drinks (BBC 2006 The Hindu 2006). As part of a major public health initiative in the US, sugar-sweetened drinks and syrups would be levied a new tax called the soda tax (Reuters 2010). Economic: The financial crisis of 2008-2009 has had its effects on the soft drinks sector. During this period, the soft drinks industry lost over $55 billion (Beverage Digest 2009). Also, the packaged food industry reduced spending on non-essential food items such as snacks. Being a multinational corporation, PepsiCo has to take into account the fluctuations in foreign currency rates. The financial crisis caused the Mexican peso, British pound, the Euro and the Russian ruble to depreciate. As such, PepsiCos net revenue growth was reduced by 5% (Annual Report 2010) In the US, interest rates have been abysmally low between zero and 0.25% since December 2008 thereby allowing companies such as PepsiCo to make use of low borrowing rates to invest in operations and new product development (Murchie 2010). Likewise, in the UK, The Bank of England has maintained an all-time low interest rate of 0.5% (BBC 2010). Social: There is a new demand for healthy foods and beverages. As a result, PepsiCo is increasingly investing in developing healthier options to its beverages as well as promoting Heath Foods (Annual Report 2010). In the recent years, PepsiCo has launched Diet Pepsi, Diet Pepsi Max, Caffeine Free Pepsi, Caffeine Free Diet Pepsi, Pepsi Natural and Pepsi One as variants of Pepsi-Cola. PepsiCo has also added a new line of products such as Aquafina Alive, Propel Health Water, Sobe Life Water, Dole Single Serve Juices and many more to meet this growing demand (PepsiCo 2010). PepsiCo has developed a Blue Ribbon Advisory Board, made up of leading health and wellness experts and third-party advisors from across the globe in order to help the corporation face these newly strengthened consumer demands. Furthermore, PepsiCo has recently worked alongside the Clinton Foundation, American Heart Association, and the North American beverage industry in order to set policies regarding placement of the correct products in the correct areas. Technological: PepsiCo Inc. relies heavily on technology to carry on its different operations and perform efficiently. Their technologically advanced distribution system, Direct Store Delivery (DSD), allows them to supply distributors and retailers with fresh stock efficiently (PepsiCo 2010). PepsiCo also has an extremely sound information technology infrastructure. To build and maintain an efficient IT infrastructure is a key asset to the corporations operations and helps improve the communication flow within their massive corporate framework. It also helps them improve the effectiveness of their operations and maintain financial accuracy. Micro Environment: Competitive Analysis: The carbonated beverages industry is highly competitive. The companies have to compete against global, regional and local manufactures on various factors including price, quantity, variety and distribution. The prime competitor of PepsiCo Americas Beverages is The Coca-Cola Company. In terms of carbonated soft drinks (CSD) consumption, Coca-Cola has a larger market share in the US as well as in many markets outside North America. Also, in Interbrands Best Global Brands list, Coca-Cola is ranked number 1, while Pepsi is listed much lower at number 23 (Interbrand 2009). However, PepsiCos snack brands hold significant leadership in the snack industry worldwide, with Pepsi commanding 28% of global sales. PepsiCo Inc. also faces stiff competition from other beverage companies like Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Nestle Corporation and Danone as well as other food companies such as Kraft Foods and Unilever. Segmentation, Target and Positioning: Market Segmentation: Geo-demographic: A multinational corporation has to take additional factors such as geo-demography into consideration. Trends affecting the US might not have an effect on countries such as Japan or Russia. Also, particular ads and marketing strategies are interpreted differently in different countries due to the difference in language and culture. For this reason, PepsiCo Inc. has adapted to the culture, tastes and language of the countries in which they do business. For example, in July 2009, Pepsi started marketing itself as Pecsi in Argentina after reports that its name was incorrectly pronounced by around 25% of the population (AdAge.com 2009). Psycho-graphic segmentation: PepsiCo has different products to suit different needs. It has segmented its beverage department to cope for different psycho-graphic variables such as activities, interests and opinions. For the health-conscious, Pepsi has products such as Diet Pepsi and Diet Caffeine Free Pepsi, while for those engaged in sports, Pepsi has its highly successful Gatorade range of isotonic drinks (PepsiCo 2010). For naturalists, Pepsi has products such as Pepsi Natural and Aquafina Alive. Products such as Pepsi and Pepsi Max are available for the mass market. Target Markets: The primary target group of PepsiCo for its Pepsi line of products are people in the age group of 13-34. It also targets people that are athletes and overweight (PepsiCo 2010). Pepsi has a distinctive style of portraying times in their ad campaigns. Their Generation Next campaign suggested that Pepsi is not just a drink for the next generation but that its drinkers are a generation ahead of their counterparts (PepsiCo 2009). Pepsi has products that target the different cultural and regional aspects of a particular country. It has products such as Nimbooz by 7UP in India where it targets the huge demand for country-style lemon drinks (PepsiCo India 2009). While in Mexico, it has Manzanita Sol, an apple-flavoured beverage. Apple is Mexicos second most popular soft drink flavour and Manzanita Sol means little apple sun in Spanish (Bevnet.com 2005). Positioning: Pepsi has positioned its products strategically against those of The Coca-Cola Company. Although Pepsi is second to Coca-Cola as a recognisable soft drink brand, it leads the markets of non-carbonated beverages and potato chips (Frito Lay). Since the acquisition of Tropicana and Gatorade and manufacturing its own brand of bottled water, Pepsi has earned the number one spot as non-alcoholic beverage company in North America. Pepsi is now heavily inclined to developing healthy food alternatives. This has positioned them strategically in a niche market that is growing fast. Marketing Mix: Product: PepsiCo Inc. has four main divisions that manufacture, market and sell a variety of products including snacks and beverages. These divisions are: (PepsiCo 2010) PepsiCo Americas Beverages (PAB) Frito-Lay North America (FLNA) Quaker Foods North America (QFNA) PepsiCo International (PI) PAB sells concentrates and syrups to Pepsi bottlers as well as directly sells finished goods to distributors and retailers. PAB brands include Pepsi, Mountain Dew, Tropicana Fruit Juices, Gatorade isotonic sports beverage, Lipton tea, Sierra Mist, Dole and SoBe (PepsiCo 2010). PAB also has a joint venture with Unilever and Starbucks through which it sells ready to drink tea, coffee and water products. Additional, PAB also licenses and markets the Aquafina brand of bottled water (PepsiCo 2010). FLNA manufactures snack foods which include brands such as Lays potato chips, Doritos tortilla chips, Tostitos tortilla chips, Cheetos cheese flavoured snacks, Fritos corn chips, Ruffles potato chips, SunChips and Smart Food (PepsiCo 2010). QFNA manufactures cereals, rice pasta and other branded products such as Life cereal, Pasta Roni, Aunt Jemima mixes and syrups and Quaker Oats (PepsiCo 2010). PepsiCo International manages the international operations of PAB, FLNA and QFNA. PepsiCo International licenses and markets PepsiCos brands in international markets. It also markets some region-specific brands including, but not limited to, Walkers potato chips, Mirinda, 7UP, Gamesa, Sabritas and Copella apple juices (PepsiCo 2010). PepsiCo Inc.s reputation and popularity gives the company the confidence to introduce new products. Their success depends on product innovation and the effectiveness of their advertising and marketing strategies. Place: Pepsi-Cola is available at almost everywhere. Pepsi has exclusive resale rights with fast food chains such as Pizza Hut, KFC and Taco Bell. It also exclusively sells its products at many supermarkets and malls. Pepsis products are also available at the leading departmental stores, gas stations and retailers. Pepsis vending machines are available at many office complexes and universities. Pepsi is also available at the White House (please check IC account for reference TIME Magazine). Due to its Direct Store Delivery system, Pepsi can get its products in these places and can maintain supply to a sustainable level. FLNA and QFNA products are available in all the leading supermarkets and retailers. Promotion: Pepsi-Cola has a strong promotion strategy. They use different marketing communication strategies which include print ads, television ads and billboards, point-of-sale as well as the Internet. PepsiCos marketing strategies include both push and pull promotions. However, their pull promotion strategies are more widely spread. Push Strategies: PepsiCo has several exclusive tie-ups with many fast food chains, supermarkets and malls. PepsiCo also has Point-of-Sale (POS) agreements with leading departmental stores and retailers. PepsiCo also provides incentives to distributors and retailers if they meet or exceed the sales target. Pull Strategies: Throughout its history, The Pepsi-Cola Company has been known to create one of the finest ads. Since it became PepsiCo Inc., Pepsi has focused most of its marketing communication towards the young generation (PepsiCo). Pepsi is well-known for its Generation Next ad campaign as well as some catchy taglines such as the classic Pepsi. Choice of a New Generation sung by Michael Jackson to the recent Refresh Everything and Every Pepsi Refreshes the World. Pepsi is also known to constantly rebrand itself to boost its reputation and trust as a company that keeps up with changing time. In 2009, Pepsi launched a new logo and rebranded most of its products in North America (Reuters 2008). One of the main advertising platforms over the years for Pepsi has been the Super Bowl, the National Football League championship game. Pepsi beverages have been advertising in the Super Bowl since 1987. However, in 2010, Pepsi opted out of advertising on this platform focusing its marketing efforts on the internet instead, ending a 23-year run. Frito Lay, however, continued to advertise in the Super Bowl (NBC News Associated Press 2009). In 2010, Pepsi announced that it would again start advertising in the Super Bowl (Reuters 2010). On an average, advertising on the Super Bowl cost Pepsi $3 million for 30 seconds of airtime in 2009. (NBC News Associated Press 2009). Pepsi is known to get its products endorsed by celebrities, some of which have been hugely popular with the people. Pepsis endorsement deal with Michael Jackson was perhaps one of the most expensive and popular deals of its time (Reuters 2009). However, since its overhaul in 2009, Pepsi has been including local people or amateurs in its ads to create a sense of connection with its consumers. For example, for the 2011 Super Bowl, PepsiCo has launched a competition wherein it is giving people a chance to make six 30-second ads for its Doritos chips and Pepsi Max with the winner receiving up to $5million for the best ads (Reuters 2010). Pepsi also has a huge presence on the Internet. In 2008, Google/YouTube teamed up with Embassy Row, a production company run by the creator of Who Wants to be a Millionaire, Michael Davies and Pepsi, to launch a new online video series called the PopTub. This daily show deals with pop culture, internet viral videos and celebrity gossip. PopTub is updated daily by Pepsi (Reuters 2008). PopTub and YouTube provide Pepsi a big online advertising platform. Pepsi even has its own YouTube Channel (YouTube 2010). Social networking is becoming an important aspect of peoples lives. As such, Pepsi has not left this area uncovered. PepsiCo and its subdivisions are present on Facebook and Twitter social networking sites. PepsiCo frequently updates its account on these websites, using them for marketing purposes, announcing new products and offers as well as general gossip (Facebook 2010 Twitter 2010 PepsiCo 2010). Pepsi Refresh Project is a new campaign launched by PepsiCo Inc. in 2009 and will run over the course of 2010 to freshen up the image of its flagship drink, Pepsi. The project invites people to submit their ideas on how to refresh their communities. PepsiCo has promised to give at least $20 million to fund these projects. This new campaign will be used by Pepsi to market its flagship as well as Diet Pepsi and Pepsi Max. This campaign will have a huge social media presence as people would be required to go online to submit their ideas as well as vote on winners (NBC News Associated Press 2009). Recommendation: PepsiCo Inc., as a multinational organisation, strives to be the worlds premier consumer food products company. In order to remain competitive, PepsiCo and its subdivisions need to be aware of the changing trends of the marketplace. PepsiCo needs to keep innovating and investing in healthier food options. The Carbonated Soft Drinks (CSD) market is continually declining. In 2008, the US CSD market share declined by 3% (Beverage Digest 2009). Keeping such trends in mind, Pepsi should launched healthier variants of their carbonated beverages and gradually move towards the increasingly more popular non-carbonated beverage sector, such as fruit juices and bottled water. PepsiCo needs to revise its marketing strategy to include the not-so-young group of people in its communication as these people are often left out from its marketing material. Also, by constantly monitoring current and potential customers, as well as reviewing the success of their marketing strategies, PepsiCo would be in a better position to identify changing market trends and develop better products for their target markets. The company, in 2007, had announced a major purchase of renewable energy sources which would help it in reducing its electricity costs as well as help improve its environmental footprint (NBC News Associated Press 2010). PepsiCo needs to keep investing in green resources as this would bring financial benefits in the long term as well as increase its reputation as a Green Company.